Eye Injury Guide

Eye Injury — Chemical & Trauma

Proper first aid for eye injuries to wash out chemicals, protect the eye, and prevent permanent vision loss.

Immediate Vision Emergency

Eye injuries can lead to permanent blindness. Seek immediate emergency care (911 / 112) for chemical splashes, embedded foreign objects, severe bleeding, or any changes in vision.

Step-by-Step Instructions

1

Flush Immediately for Chemical Splashes

If chemicals splashed into the eye, flush it immediately with clean, lukewarm water or saline for 15 to 20 minutes continuously. Let the water run from the inner corner of the eye toward the outer corner to protect the unaffected eye.

2

Do NOT Rub or Press the Eye

Rubbing can scratch the cornea or push foreign particles deeper into the eye tissue. Keep the person from touching, rubbing, or applying pressure to their eyeball.

3

Flush Loose Particles Gently

If dust, sand, or eyelashes are loose, try flushing them out gently with saline or water. Do not use tweezers or cotton swabs on the eyeball itself.

4

Do NOT Remove Embedded Objects

If an object (like a shard of glass, wood, or metal) is stuck or embedded in the eye, do not attempt to pull it out. Leave it in place to prevent severe eyeball rupture.

5

Shield the Eye Without Contact

Place a rigid shield, eye patch, or the bottom of a clean paper cup over the injured eye to protect it from external pressure. Secure it with tape. Do not let any bandage touch or press the eyeball.

6

Seek Emergency Medical Treatment

Transport the person to an emergency room or eye specialist immediately. Keep both eyes closed/shielded if possible, as eyes move together and keeping them closed reduces movement of the injured eye.

Do's and Don'ts

Do's

  • Flush with clean water for 15–20 minutes for chemical exposure
  • Cover the eye with a rigid guard (e.g., paper cup)
  • Keep the person calm and instruct them to limit eye movement
  • Seek prompt medical care

Don't's

  • Don't rub, squeeze, or apply pressure to the eyeball
  • Don't attempt to extract embedded shards or objects
  • Don't apply eye drops, ointments, or dry bandages
  • Don't allow the patient to drive themselves

Aftercare & Recovery

An ophthalmologist will evaluate visual acuity, check for corneal abrasions, remove particles, and prescribe appropriate medicated drops.
Follow all patching and drop instructions diligently. Avoid reading, screen time, or driving to let the eyes rest and heal.
Prevent injuries by wearing safety goggles or glasses when working with tools, chemicals, yard equipment, or playing high-impact sports.